Lilli Leinberg (née Thuneberg, 1836–1922) was a Finnish composer of sacred vocal music, a church historian, and a social activist. Born in Turku and raised in Helsinki, she studied under Karl Collan and organist Rudolf Lagi. Her early compositions, including Barramedas ros and Die Wallfahrt nach Kevlar, date from this period. She also sang for several years in the oratorio choir led by Fredrik Pacius.

In 1856, she married Karl Gabriel Leinberg, and the couple moved to Jyväskylä in 1868, where he directed the teachers' seminary. There, Leinberg was active in civic life—she chaired the local ladies’ society, co-founded the Jyväskylä temperance society with Minna Canth, and petitioned the governor-general for alcohol restrictions in 1876.

Alongside her husband, she conducted research on church history, although the publications appeared under his name, as was customary at the time. Her legacy includes a strong musical lineage: her daughters were composer Elli Lönnroth, singer Ida Nyberg, and teacher Ester Nyberg. Composer Lilli Thuneberg was her niece.

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